Fluid diverson composition in well stimulation

ABSTRACT

Described are methods and compositions for treating a subterranean formation. The method comprising introducing into the subterranean formation via a well-bore a diverter composition, the diverter composition comprising a combination of at least one deformable particle and at least one non-deformable particle; and allowing the diverter composition to block the flow of at least a portion of a treatment fluid from a first location within the well-bore to a second location.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No.16/193,542, filed Nov. 16, 2018, which claims the benefit of U.S.provisional application No. 62/591,631, filed Nov. 28, 2017 and each ofthe cited documents are incorporated herein by reference in theirentireties.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the present invention relate to compositions and methodsfor increasing recovery of hydrocarbons from a subterranean formation.

BACKGROUND

A wellbore is often drilled into a subterranean formation andstimulation operations are typically performed to enhance the productionof hydrocarbons (e.g. oil, gas, and the like). Hydraulic fracturing is awidely-used well stimulation technique. Hydraulic fracturing, as thename suggests, involves injecting a fluid under pressure through awellbore. The pressurized fluid then fractures or cracks the surroundingsubterranean formation thereby permitting the hydrocarbons to flow morefreely through the fractures, and be recovered through the wellbore.

Fluids typically follow the path of least resistance. When hydraulicfracturing fluids are used for well stimulation, they can result inzones being over treated or fractures growing into undesired zones, orboth thereby not creating a desired level of complexity in the fracturenetwork to provide the desired stimulation.

Particulate materials such as gilsonite, rock salt, and benzoic acidflakes often were deployed as materials to divert the flow of thefracturing fluid. The diverter materials block the path of leastresistance and redirect fracturing fluids to the areas where they areneeded for maximum stimulation performance. To perform effectively,diverter materials must remain intact throughout the fracturingoperation to create the desired “barrier,” then dissolve after theoperation is completed to permit hydrocarbon flow into the well.

SUMMARY

Described herein is a method and composition of treating a subterraneanformation.

In one aspect of the invention is disclosed a method for treating asubterranean formation, comprising:

introducing into the subterranean formation via a well-bore a firsttreatment fluid comprising a diverter composition, the divertercomposition comprising a combination of at least one deformable particleand at least one non-deformable particle; and

allowing the diverter composition to block the flow of at least aportion of the first treatment fluid from a first location within thewell-bore diverting flow to a second location.

In another aspect of the invention is disclosed a method for treating asubterranean formation, comprising:

providing a first treatment fluid comprising a diverter composition, thediverter composition comprising a combination of at least one deformableparticle and at least one non-deformable particle;

introducing into the subterranean formation via a well-bore the divertercomposition, allowing the diverter composition to block the flow of atleast a portion of a first treatment fluid from a first location withinthe well-bore diverting flow to a second location.

In still another aspect of the invention is disclosed a method fortreating a subterranean formation, comprising:

introducing into the subterranean formation via a well-bore a firsttreatment fluid comprising a diverter composition, the divertercomposition comprising a combination of at least one degradable,deformable particle and at least one degradable, non-deformableparticle; and

allowing the diverter composition to block the flow of at least aportion of the first treatment fluid from a first location within thewell-bore diverting flow to a second location.

In another aspect of the invention is a method for treating asubterranean formation, comprising:

providing a first treatment fluid comprising a diverter composition, thediverter composition comprising a combination of at least onedegradable, deformable particle and at least one degradable,non-deformable particle;

introducing into the subterranean formation via a well-bore the divertercomposition,

allowing the diverter composition to block the flow of at least aportion of a first treatment fluid from a first location within thewell-bore diverting flow to a second location.

In one aspect of the invention is disclosed a diverter compositioncomprising a combination of at least one deformable particle and atleast one non-deformable particle.

The disclosed method and composition are useful for treatingsubterranean formations or diverting the flow of a treatment fluid.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a graph showing fluid loss for a deformable only particle withrespect to pressure and time.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing fluid loss for an embodiment of a compositioncontaining a deformable particle and a non-deformable particle withrespect to pressure and time.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing fluid loss for an embodiment of a compositioncontaining a deformable particle and a non-deformable particledeformable particle with respect to pressure and time.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing fluid loss for a deformable and non-deformableparticle only particle with respect to pressure and time.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Although the present disclosure provides references to particularembodiments, persons skilled in the art will recognize that changes maybe made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scopeof the invention. Various embodiments will be described in detail withreference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals representlike parts and assemblies throughout the several views. Reference tovarious embodiments does not limit the scope of the claims attachedhereto. Additionally, any examples set forth in this specification arenot intended to be limiting and merely set forth some of the manypossible embodiments for the appended claims.

Definitions

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used hereinhave the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill inthe art. In case of conflict, the present document, includingdefinitions, will control. Preferred methods and materials are describedbelow, although methods and materials similar or equivalent to thosedescribed herein can be used in practice or testing of the presentdisclosure. All publications, patent applications, patents and otherreferences mentioned herein are incorporated by reference in theirentirety. The materials, methods, and examples disclosed herein areillustrative only and not intended to be limiting.

As used herein, the term “carrier fluid” refers to a fluid used tofacilitate storage, shipping, and handling of a diverter composition.

As used herein, the term “deformable” refers to materials or particlesthat change shape or substantially change shape when acted upon bydifferential pressure experienced under the hydraulic force of thetreatment fluid (or medium) such as will be experienced once theparticles effectively block and close a particular flow path of thetreatment fluid.

As used herein, the term “degradable” when used in reference to thediverter composition means the conversion of a material into compoundsthat do not retain all the characteristics of the material before thebreak down or are broken into constituent or derivative species.Chemical processes of degradation may include hydrolysis, thermolysis,dissolution, depolymerization, or other similar process that change thechemical nature of the material. Physical processes of degradation mayinclude melting (or other phase changes), fusion, compaction, sintering,or other processes that change the physical nature of the material.

As used herein, the term “diverter” “diverting,” “diversion,” orgrammatical equivalents thereof means a composition used in welltreatments (e.g. stimulation treatments) that at least temporarily,selectively control the rate of flow of a fluid e.g., by reducing orstopping the flow rate into a subterranean feature.

As used herein, the term “fracturing” means the process of breakingopen, or cracking, or separating geologic formations to increaseproduction of hydrocarbons from a hydrocarbon reservoir. The breakingopen, cracking or separating the geologic formations can mean making newbreaks, cracks, or separations, or enlarging pre-existing breaks,cracks, or separations.

As used herein, the term “introducing” when used in reference to themethod of treating a subterranean formation includes any method known inthe art for placing fluid or material within a well, well bore orsubterranean formation.

As used herein, the term “non-deformable” refers to materials orparticles that do not change shape or do not substantially change shapewhen acted upon by differential pressures experienced under thehydraulic force of the treatment fluid (or medium) such as will beexperienced once the particles effectively block and close a particularflow path of the treatment fluid

As used herein, the term “non-swellable” means materials or particlesthat, once mixed into the treatment fluid, minimally change in volume ormass or both such that the volume or mass or both of the materials orparticles increase by less than 10% relative to their initial volume ormass or both within one hour.

As used herein, the term “swellable” means materials or particles that,once mixed into the treatment fluid, change in volume or mass or both(namely expand) to increase at least 10% relative to its initial volume,mass, or both within one hour.

As used herein, the term “particle size,” “particulate size” refers tothe diameter of the smallest imaginary circumscribed sphere.

As used herein, the term “produced water” means water that is obtainedfrom a subterranean reservoir and is collected during a hydrocarbonrecovery process. Produced water includes residual hydrocarbon productsentrained in the water and can include one or more of connate (nativewater present in the subterranean formation along with the hydrocarbon),brackish water, and sea water.

As used herein, the term “treating,” refers to using some agent (e.g. afluid) for changing a condition in a subterranean formation.

As used herein, the term “treatment fluid” refers to a fluid introducedinto a subterranean formation. The treatment fluid can include thediverter composition.

As used herein, the terms “comprise(s),” “include(s),” “having,” “has,”“can,” “contain(s),” and variants thereof, as used herein, are intendedto be open-ended transitional phrases, terms, or words that do notpreclude the possibility of additional acts or structures. The singularforms “a,” “and” and “the” include plural references unless the contextclearly dictates otherwise. The present disclosure also contemplatesother embodiments “comprising,” “consisting of” and “consistingessentially of,” the embodiments or elements presented herein, whetherexplicitly set forth or not.

As used herein, the term “optional” or “optionally” means that thesubsequently described event or circumstance may but need not occur, andthat the description includes instances where the event or circumstanceoccurs and instances in which it does not.

As used herein, the term “about” modifying, for example, the quantity ofan ingredient in a composition, concentration, volume, processtemperature, process time, yield, flow rate, pressure, and like values,and ranges thereof, employed in describing the embodiments of thedisclosure, refers to variation in the numerical quantity that canoccur, for example, through typical measuring and handling proceduresused for making compounds, compositions, concentrates or useformulations; through inadvertent error in these procedures; throughdifferences in the manufacture, source, or purity of starting materialsor ingredients used to carry out the methods, and like proximateconsiderations. The term “about” also encompasses amounts that differdue to aging of a formulation with a particular initial concentration ormixture, and amounts that differ due to mixing or processing aformulation with a particular initial concentration or mixture. Wheremodified by the term “about” the claims appended hereto includeequivalents to these quantities. Further, where “about” is employed todescribe a range of values, for example “about 1 to 5” the recitationmeans “1 to 5” and “about 1 to about 5” and “1 to about 5” and “about 1to 5” unless specifically limited by context.

As used herein, the term “significant” or “significantly” means at leasthalf, or 50% by some measure as defined or as determined by context. Forexample, a solution that contains a “significant amount” of a componentcontains 50% or more of that component by weight, or by volume, or bysome other measure as appropriate and in context. A solution wherein acomponent has been significantly removed has had at least 50% of theoriginal amount of that component removed by weight, or by volume, or bysome other measure as appropriate and in context.

As used herein, the term “substantially” means “consisting essentiallyof”, as that term is construed in U.S. patent law, and includes“consisting of” as that term is construed in U.S. patent law. Forexample, a solution that is “substantially free” of a specified compoundor material may be free of that compound or material, or may have aminor amount of that compound or material present, such as throughunintended contamination, side reactions, or incomplete purification. A“minor amount” may be a trace, an unmeasurable amount, an amount thatdoes not interfere with a value or property, or some other amount asprovided in context. A composition that has “substantially only” aprovided list of components may consist of only those components, orhave a trace amount of some other component present, or have one or moreadditional components that do not materially affect the properties ofthe composition. Additionally, “substantially” modifying, for example,the type or quantity of an ingredient in a composition, a property, ameasurable quantity, a method, a value, or a range, employed indescribing the embodiments of the disclosure, refers to a variation thatdoes not affect the overall recited composition, property, quantity,method, value, or range thereof in a manner that negates an intendedcomposition, property, quantity, method, value, or range. Where modifiedby the term “substantially” the claims appended hereto includeequivalents according to this definition.

As used herein, any recited ranges of values contemplate all valueswithin the range and are to be construed as support for claims recitingany sub-ranges having endpoints which are real number values within therecited range. By way of a hypothetical illustrative example, adisclosure in this specification of a range of from 1 to 5 shall beconsidered to support claims to any of the following ranges: 1-5; 1-4;1-3; 1-2; 2-5; 2-4; 2-3; 3-5; 3-4; and 4-5.

DISCUSSION

Disclosed herein are diverter compositions and the use of the divertercompositions in treating subterranean formations. The divertercompositions are a combination of deformable particles andnon-deformable particles. The diverter compositions perform better thaneither deformable particles or non-deformable particles on their own.The diverter composition withstands compressive pressure (thousands ofpounds per square inch (psi)) during a hydraulic fracturing treatment.

Without being bound by theory, the non-deformable particles of thediverter composition bears much of the compressive load of the hydraulicfracturing operation because they are sufficiently rigid, and thedeformable particles help distribute the load, as well as fill in gapsbetween the non-deformable particles that might permit residual fluidleak off. As a result, the “plugging” action of the diverter compositionis more efficient than either particle type individually, particularlyat high pressures. The combination of the deformable and non-deformableparticles provides the benefit of a reduced amount of the compositionbeing equally or more effective than greater amounts of either of theparticle types individually. Furthermore, the composition is moreeffective at reducing the rate of fluid loss than either componentalone, and therefore is superior at blocking redirecting fluid flow. Inother words, less material is needed in the diverter composition of thecombination of particles to obtain an equivalent degree of fluidblockage and redirection. Furthermore the diverter composition canreduce lost time and expense associated with repeated trial and error oftreatment doses to obtain the desired diversion effect.

The deformable particles possess the capacity to expand or fill in gapssuch that they can resist unwanted fluid flow through the formation. Thedeformable particles can readily penetrate into fractures of asubterranean formation if the deformable particles are of a suitablesize.

Without being bound by theory, deformable particles are believed to beeffective at plugging pores of varying size. In some embodiments, theparticles are deformable, swellable particles. In embodiments, swellingmay occur after a non- or partially swollen particle has been introducedinto a pore, or swelling may occur before introduction and then theparticle can be squeezed or compressed into a pore. An advantage ofdeformable, swellable particles over non-deformable particles for anapplication such as plugging or diversion is that the particle sizedistribution (PSD) of the composition is more tolerant of a wide varietyof pore sizes because the degree of swelling of a given particle isvariable (e.g., depending on how much liquid is taken up).

In embodiments, the deformable particles are polymers of varyingmolecular weights. In some embodiments, the deformable polymers may behydrophilic. In other embodiments, the deformable particles incorporatehydrophobic components (for example, to reduce the uptake of water intothe particle and the overall rate of swelling). The deformable particlesmay or may not be cross-linked. If not cross-linked, the deformableparticles, in some embodiments are linear or have more elaboratestructures (e.g., branching, dendrimeric, star polymers, and the like).In some embodiments, the deformable particles are homopolymers orcopolymers prepared from multiple monomers in random, block, oralternating configuration. In embodiments, the deformable particlesincorporate degradable components to facilitate degradation of theparticles following placement in the fracture. In embodiments, thesedegradable components include species with hydrolysable bonds, thermallydegradable bonds, other chemically reactive moieties, or combinationsthereof.

Examples of deformable polymers include, but are not limited to,crosslinked polyacrylamide, crosslinked polyacrylate, crosslinkedhydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile, salts of carboxyalkyi starch, salts ofcarboxymethyl starch, salts of carboxyalkyi cellulose, hydroxylethylcellulose, salts of crosslinked carboxyalkyi polysaccharide, crosslinkedcopolymers of acrylamide and acrylate monomers, starch grafted withacrylonitrile and acrylate monomers, crosslinked polymers of two or moreof allylsulfonates, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid,3-allyloxy-2-hydroxy-1-propane-sulfonic acid, acrylamide, acrylic acidmonomers, and any combination thereof. In embodiments, the deformablepolymers include alkyl acrylates (such as include methyl acrylate, ethylacrylate, butyl acrylate); alkyl methacrylates (examples include methylmethacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate); Dimethylacrylamide (DMA); Methacrylic acid; Acrylonitrile; Vinylpyrrolidone;N-vinylformamide (NVF); hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA);2-acryliamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS); vinyl acetate. Inembodiments, the deformable polymers include deformable polyesters suchas certain forms of poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(glycolic acid) (PGA),poly(caprolactone), poly(butyrolactone), poly(ethylene terephthalate),other alkyl polyester, other aromatic polyesters, and copolymersthereof. In other embodiments the defomable particles includediallyl-dimethylammonium salts, benzyl-diallylmethylammonium salts,methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium salts,acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium salts, acrylamide, acrylic acid,acrylate monomers, N-vinylformamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl acetate,and any combination thereof.

In other embodiments, the deformable, swellable particles can includeparticles described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,902,127, which is incorporatedherein in its entirety.

In some embodiments, the deformable particles have a volume averageparticle size (as determined by common particle sizing techniques,including but not limited to sieve analysis, flow velocimetry, laserdiffraction analysis, optical microscopy, or other suitable methods)that ranges from 0.05 to 100,000 microns; 0.1 to 10,000 microns; or 1 to5,000 microns. In an embodiment, the deformable volume average particlesize diameter is 0.1 to 3 microns. In an embodiment, the deformablevolume average particle size diameter is 0.1 to 1000 microns. In anotherembodiment, the deformable volume average particle size diameter of theparticles is 1 to 500 microns. In another embodiment, the deformablevolume average particle size diameter of the particles is about 1 toabout 50 microns.

In embodiments, the deformable, swellable particles swell inaqueous-based liquids. In other embodiments, deformable, swellableparticles swell in saline (e.g. 1% saline solution) or brackish water,produced water, water-containing emulsions, or water.

In some embodiments, the deformable, swellable particles expand to 200%of its original volume. In some embodiments, the deformable, swellableparticle expands to at least 200 to 150% of its original volume, 150 to120%, 120 to 100% and 100 to 50% of its original. In other embodiments,the size of the deformable, swellable particles increases by 10% itsoriginal volume in 10 minutes. In some embodiments, polyacrylamide in a10% xanthum gum containing water solution expands to about 120% of itsoriginal volume.

In some embodiments, the size of the deformable, swellable particlesincreases by 200% its original volume in 30 minutes after contactingfluid. In other embodiments, the size of the deformable, swellableparticles increases by 100% its original volume in 15 minutes, or 50%its original volume in 7.5 minutes.

In embodiments, the deformable particles may be tailored or selectedbased on the topography of the subterranean formation. In someembodiments, the deformable particles may be sensitive to pH and otherfactors. The extent of expanding or swelling of the deformable,swellable particles is dependent on the particular solution used. Insome embodiments, deformable, swellable materials may expand whenexposed to an aqueous fluid, and may not expand in an acidic fluid. Insome embodiments, the deformable, swellable particles only swell uponhydrolysis of cross links (e.g. as in U.S. Pat. No. 7,902,127).

The non-deformable particles may be any material that does not swell toa significant extent, and provides mechanical strength to the divertercomposition. Examples include, but are not limited to poly(lactic acid)(PLA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or other polyesters,polyamides, polyethers, polycarbonates, polyurethanes, polysaccharides,peptides/polypeptides, urea-formaldehyde copolymer, other hydrolysableor degradable polymers, partially or wholly soluble or degradableinorganic salts (e.g., NaCl, CaCl2), partially or wholly soluble ordegradable metal oxides/hydroxides (e.g., Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2), otherpartially or wholly soluble or degradable inorganic materials (e.g.,polyphosphates or other glasses, minerals, carbon materials andnanomaterials, silicas, aluminas), benzoic acid and other sparinglysoluble organic compounds (e.g. other organic acids, solid organicalcohols and salts of organic compounds), natural plant- orbiologically-derived materials (such as nut shells, bark, cellulosicmaterials) and other biomass, fibrous materials (e.g. cellulosic fibersand cellulose derivatives) and combinations thereof.

In embodiments, at least one non-deformable particle includes rock salt,polyesters, polyamides, polyethers, polycarbonates, polyurethanes,polysaccharides, peptides/polypeptides, urea-formaldehyde copolymer,other hydrolysable or degradable polymers, partially or wholly solubleor degradable inorganic salts (e.g., NaCl, CaCl2), partially or whollysoluble or degradable metal oxides/hydroxides (e.g., Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2),other partially or wholly soluble or degradable inorganic materials(e.g., polyphosphates or other glasses, minerals, carbon materials andnanomaterials, silicas, aluminas), benzoic acid and other sparinglysoluble organic compounds, natural plant- or biologically-derivedmaterials (such as nut shells, bark, cellulosic materials and otherbiomass; fibrous materials and combinations thereof.

In embodiments, non-deformable particle particles that may be usedinclude polymer materials that are capable of generating acids upondegradation. These polymer materials may herein be referred to as“polymeric acid precursors.” These materials are typically solids atroom temperature. The polymeric acid precursor materials include thepolymers and oligomers that hydrolyze or degrade in certain chemicalenvironments under known and controllable conditions of temperature,time, and pH to release organic acid molecules that may be referred toas “monomeric organic acids.” As used herein, the expression “monomericorganic acid” or “monomeric acid” may also include dimeric acid or acidwith a small number of linked monomer units that function similarly tomonomer acids composed of only one monomer unit.

Polymer materials may include those polyesters obtained bypolymerization of hydroxycarboxylic acids, such as the aliphaticpolyester of lactic acid, referred to as polylactic acid; glycolic acid,referred to as polyglycolic acid; 3-hydroxbutyric acid, referred to aspolyhydroxybutyrate; 2-hydroxyvaleric acid, referred to as poly hydroxyvalerate; epsilon caprolactone, referred to as polyepsilon caprolactoneor polycaprolactone; the polyesters obtained by esterification ofhydroxyl amino acids such as serine, threonine and tyrosine; and thecopolymers obtained by mixtures of the monomers listed above.

In some embodiments, under the appropriate conditions (e.g., pH,temperature, water content) polyesters can hydrolyze and degrade toyield hydroxycarboxylic acid and compounds that pertain to “monomericacids.”

In embodiments, a suitable polymeric acid precursor is the polymer oflactic acid, sometimes called polylactic acid, “PLA,” polylactate orpolylactide. Lactic acid is a chiral molecule and has two opticalisomers. These are D-lactic acid and L-lactic acid. The poly(L-lacticacid) and poly(D-lactic acid) forms are generally crystalline in nature.Polymerization of a mixture of the L- and D-lactic acids topoly(DL-lactic acid) results in a polymer that is more amorphous innature. In embodiments, the polymers are linear. The degree ofpolymerization of the linear polylactic acid can vary from a few units(2-10 units) (oligomers) to several thousands (e.g. 2000-5000). In someembodiments, cyclic structures are also used. The degree ofpolymerization of the cyclic structures may be smaller than that of thelinear polymers. These cyclic structures may include cyclic dimers.

In some embodiments, the non-deformable particle polymer is of glycolicacid (hydroxy acetic acid), also known as polyglycolic acid (“PGA”), orpolyglycolide. In some embodiments, materials suitable as polymeric acidprecursors are all those polymers of glycolic acid with itself or otherhydroxy-acid-containing moieties, as described in U.S. Pat. Nos.4,848,467; 4,957,165; and 4,986,355, which are herein incorporated byreference.

The polylactic acid and polyglycolic acid may each be used ashomopolymers, which may contain less than about 0.1% by weight of othercomonomers. As used with reference to polylactic acid, “homopolymer(s)”is meant to include polymers of D-lactic acid, L-lactic acid and/ormixtures or copolymers of pure D-lactic acid and pure L-lactic acid. Insome embodiments, random copolymers of lactic acid and glycolic acid andblock copolymers of polylactic acid and polyglycolic acid are used. Insome embodiments, the homopolymers copolymers or combinations thereofare also used.

In some embodiments, polyesters of hydroxycarboxylic acids are used aspolymeric acid precursors are the polymers of hydroxyvaleric acid(polyhydroxyvalerate), hydroxybutyric acid (polyhydroxybutyrate) andtheir copolymers with other hydroxycarboxylic acids. Polyestersresulting from the ring opening polymerization of lactones such asepsilon caprolactone (polyepsiloncaprolactone) or copolymers ofhydroxyacids and lactones may also be used as polymeric acid precursors.

In some embodiments, polyesters obtained by esterification of otherhydroxyl-containing acid-containing monomers such as hydroxyaminoacidsare used as polymeric acid precursors. Naturally occurring amino acidsare L-aminoacids. Among the 20 most common amino acids the three thatcontain hydroxyl groups are L-serine, L-threonine, and L-tyrosine. Theseamino acids may be polymerized to yield polyesters at the appropriatetemperature and using appropriate catalysts by reaction of their alcoholand their carboxylic acid group. D-amino acids are less common innature, but in embodiments their polymers and copolymers are also usedas polymeric acid precursors.

In embodiments, the non-deformable particle particles incorporatedegradable components to facilitate degradation of the non-deformableparticles following placement in the fracture. In embodiments, thedegradable components include species with hydrolysable bonds, thermallydegradable bonds, other chemically reactive moieties, or combinationsthereof.

In some embodiments, the non-deformable particles have a particle sizethat range from 0.05 to 100,000 microns, 0.1 to 10,000 microns or 1 to5,000 microns.

Depending on the diverter application, the non-deformable particle anddeformable particles can be tailored accordingly. In some embodiments,suitable non-deformable particle particles include PLA polymers. Thetype of PLA polymer may also be tailored depending on the application.In embodiments where a higher bottom-hole static temperature (BHST)and/or longer lasting plug of diverter is required, a high molecularweight PLA, crystalline over amorphous PLA, and isomeric over racemicPLA may be used. In embodiments where a lower temperature well is beingtargeted, or the diverter may need to break down rapidly, low molecularweight PLA are used over high molecular weight PLA, amorphous overcrystalline, and racemic over isomeric PLA.

In embodiments, the deformable particle can be deposited onto the outersurface of the non-deformable particles resulting in a deformableparticle or material surrounding a non-deformable inner core. Inembodiments, such diverter compositions with an outer shell or layer ofdeformable particles surrounding an inner core of non-deformableparticles are used as scale inhibitors. Therefore, during application ofthe treatment fluid, the diverter composition functions as a diverter,and upon completion of the hydraulic fracturing operation thecomposition would slowly dissolve into the produced fluid and inhibitthe formation of a variety of inorganic scales, including but notlimited to calcite, barite, gypsum, and celestite. In embodiments, thediverter composition includes a copolymer of acrylamide and acrylic acidas the outer shell. In other embodiments, the deformable polymerincludes polyacrylamide, polyacrylate, poly (AMPS), or copolymersthereof as the outer shell surrounding a polyphosphate glass.

In some embodiments either the deformable or non-deformable particle mayhave catalytic agents incorporated within the particle that assist inthe eventual degradation of one or both of the particle types. Examplesof catalytic agents include enzymes or latently acidic or basicmaterials.”

The diverter composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consistsof deformable particles and non-deformable particle particles. Theparticles are solids, which can include gels, fibers, agglomerates, andspheres. The morphology for either type, deformable or non-deformableparticle, may be shapes ranging from roughly spherical to irregularfractal shapes or may be elongated fiber shapes.

Both particles must eventually degrade to substantially or fully solublecomponents to prevent damage of the oil/gas-producing formation oroverall reduction in production of the well. Small amounts of residuemay be left behind when some materials are used, but these should beselected such that the well's production is not significantly affected.

When injected downhole, the diverter composition begins to fill in thefractures, voids and fissure and high permeability streaks through whichaqueous fluids could otherwise pass unrestricted. In embodiments thatinclude the deformable, swellable particles, these polymers absorb theaqueous fluid and swell into a mass that is resistant or substantiallyresistant to the flow of fluid, reducing the flow into or through thefractures, voids, fissures, and high permeability streaks through whichaqueous fluids could otherwise pass unrestricted. In embodiments, whilethe deformable particles withstand a relatively large pressure amount,they resist being dislodged from their position.

For non-deformable particles, the efficacy of the composition as beingable to plug or divert is dependent on the particle size distributionrelative to the pore size. For deformable particles, the efficacy of thecomposition is much less sensitive to this relationship.

The individual and combined particle size distributions of thedeformable and non-deformable particle can be infinitely varied. Inembodiments, crushing, grinding, sizing, and isolation methods are usedto obtain the desired particle size distribution of the individualcomponents, as well as the combined diverter composition.

In embodiments, the deformable particles are present in the divertercomposition from about 1 wt % to about 99 wt % of the divertercomposition, from 5 wt % to about 75 wt %, from 10 wt % to 70 wt %, from15 wt % to 60 wt %, from 15 wt % to 50 wt %, from 20 wt % to 40 wt %. Inembodiments, the non-deformable particle particles are present in thediverter composition about 1 wt % to about 99 wt % of the divertercomposition, from 5 wt % to about 75 wt %, from 10 wt % to 70 wt %, from15 wt % to 60 wt %, from 20 wt % to 50 wt %, from 10 wt % to 50 wt %, ofthe diverter composition.

The diverter composition can withstand pressures from 20,000 psi to 10psi. In some embodiments, the diverter composition can withstandpressure from 10,000 to 50 psi, from 5,000 psi to 100 psi, 20,000 psi to100 psi, from 1,000 psi to 100 psi.

In some embodiments the diverter composition can be used in subterraneanformations having temperature from 100° F. to 450° F., 120° F. to 250°F., 200° F. to 300° F., 300° F. to 400° F., or 400° F. to 450° F.

When ready to use, the diverter composition is introduced into asubterranean formation using a treatment fluid. In embodiments, thetreatment fluid may be water, e.g. fresh water, produced water,seawater. In some embodiments, treatment fluids include hydratable gels(e.g. guars, polysaccharides, xanthan, hydroxy-ethyl-cellulose, and thelike), a cross-linked hydratable gel, a viscosified acid (e.g.gel-based), an emulsified acid (e.g. oil outer phase), an energizedfluid (e.g. an N₂ or CO₂ based foam), and an oil-based fluid including agelled, foamed, or otherwise viscosified oil. In embodiments, thetreatment fluid is a brine, or includes a brine.

In embodiments, treatment fluid includes hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoricacid, ammonium bifluoride, formic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid,glycolic acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, sulfamic acid, malic acid,citric acid, methyl-sulfamic acid, chloro-acetic acid, anamino-poly-carboxylic acid, 3-hydroxypropionic acid, apoly-amino-poly-carboxylic acid, and/or a salt of any acid. In someembodiments, the treatment fluid includes a poly-amino-poly-carboxylicacid, and is a trisodium hydroxyl-ethyl-ethylene-diamine triacetate,mono-ammonium salts of hydroxyl-ethyl-ethylene-diamine triacetate,and/or mono-sodium salts of hydroxyl-ethyl-ethylene-diaminetetra-acetate.

In embodiments, the diverter composition in a treatment fluid is in anamount from 1,000 ppm to 200,000 ppm of the diverter composition. In oneembodiment, the diverter composition in the treatment fluid is from5,000 ppm to 100,000 ppm of the diverter composition, or 5,000 ppm to50,000 ppm, based on the diverter composition.

In embodiments, the deformable particles, non-deformable particles orboth also have additional functionality, aside from the roles describedabove. For example, a polyphosphate glass may be used as a hardparticle. Polyphosphates are useful as slow release scale inhibitorswith dissolution rates that vary with their composition. Thus, apolyphosphate glass could be used to provide mechanical support for thediverter composition, and then after completion of the stimulation job,the polyphosphate would then function as a scale inhibitor.

In some embodiments, a sample of polymer (e.g., PLA) may be blended witha chemical additive (e.g., scale inhibitor, corrosion inhibitor,biocide, paraffin inhibitor, asphaltene inhibitor, flowback surfactant,emulsion breaker, and the like) in an extruder or other productionprocess such that as the polymer matrix degrades the entrapped additiveis released and provides the desired benefit to the well during theproduction phase. In some embodiments, the chemical additives can beincorporated into the polymer backbone of the non-deformable particleparticles. In other embodiments, similar chemical additives may beincorporated into the deformable particle portion of the divertercomposition (either in the polymer backbone or as blended additives) andprovide analogous benefit to the well during the production phase. Insome embodiments, it may be desirable to incorporate multiple, distinctnon-deformable particle particles and/or multiple, distinct deformableparticles with separate but desired chemical functionalities, such asthose listed above, into a single blend.

One of skill in the art would understand that the method of making thediverter composition is not limited in any way by the order ofingredients added. In embodiments, the deformable and non-deformableparticles are added to a polymer material produced via gelpolymerization/drying, extrusion, suspension polymerization,precipitation polymerization, solution polymerization, or other suitablemethods. In embodiments, the non-deformable particles also are aninorganic material produced or refined using any of a wide range ofsuitable methods: sintering, crystallization, precipitation, casting,processing in a kiln/furnace, or others.

In embodiments, the non-deformable particles are incorporated into thereaction mixture of the deformable particles prior to polymerization.The reverse is also possible as well. In embodiments, the deformableparticles are present in larger quantity than the non-deformableparticles.

Depending on the well type, well age, the particle types size, and otherfactors, the diverter composition can be formulated with the appropriatedeformable particle and non-deformable particle particles

In some embodiments, a method for treating a subterranean formationincludes introducing into the subterranean formation via a well-bore afirst treatment fluid comprising a diverter composition, the divertercomposition comprising a combination of at least one deformable particleand at least one non-deformable particle; and allowing the divertercomposition to block the flow of at least a portion of a treatment fluidfrom a first location within the well-bore to a second location.

In other embodiments, a method for treating a subterranean formationincludes introducing into the subterranean formation via a well-bore afirst treatment fluid comprising a diverter composition, the divertercomposition comprising a combination of at least one degradable,deformable particle and at least one degradable, non-deformableparticle; and allowing the diverter composition to block the flow of atleast a portion of a treatment fluid from a first location within thewell-bore to a second location.

In some embodiments, “introducing,” includes injecting, pumping,pouring, circulating or otherwise placing fluid or material.

In embodiments, the diverter composition is injected at a permeable zoneof the subterranean formation. In other embodiments, divertercomposition is injected at or near casing perforation or fractureimmediately at the wellbore.

As the diverter composition travels into the fracture network in thesubterranean formation, the diverter composition, depending on thedeformable particles used may gradually mix with the fluid contained inthe subterranean formation, and eventually, the deformable particle maybe exposed to sufficient fluid to swell and fill the fractures.

In some embodiments, the diverter composition bridges, plugs, or fillsthe previously fractured network temporarily to divert other fluids(e.g. fracturing fluids) to desired, untreated areas in the subterraneanformations. In embodiments, after the diversion is no longer required,the diverter composition is degraded and removed by exposing thediverter composition to an appropriate condition or treatment fordegradation. In some embodiments, degradation is such that the viscosityof the fluid that is formed after the degradation of the divertercomposition breaks down is sufficiently low (e.g. such that flow backcan occur.)

Several methods may be applied for removal of the created plugs. If thediverter composition contains degradable materials, degradation (e.g. byhydrolysis) can occur. If the diverter composition contains materialreacting with chemical agents, those are removed by reacting with otheragents. If the diverter composition contains melting material, meltingmay result in reduction in mechanical stability of the plug. If thediverter composition contains water soluble or hydrocarbon solublematerials plug removal may be achieved through physical dissolution ofat least one of the components of the diverter composition in thesurrounding fluid. In embodiments, solubility of the components in thediverter composition are dependent on temperature. In embodiments,degradation of at least one component of the diverter compositionoccurs. Plug removal may be also achieved through degradation of thediverter composition into smaller pieces that are flushed away.

In embodiments, after the need for diversion has passed, additionalfluids, same or different from the previous fluids, may be flowed intosubterranean formation for further treatments or operations. Anytreatments or operations can be used after the subterranean formationhas been treated with the diverter composition, including but notlimited to stimulation, completion, fracturing, acidizing, workover, andcombinations thereof.

In some embodiments, the diverter composition can be provided as a kit.The kit may include the diverter composition as a solid composition. Thekit may further include one or more containers configured to store,transport, mix, or dispense the diverter compositions; and optionally,instructions for use of the diverter composition. The one or morecontainers may comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of a bottle,a drum, a tank, can, or any other container suitable to hold thediverter composition therein.

The diverter composition can include one, two, three or four differentdiverters provided in a single formulation and provided as a solidcomposition. In some embodiments, the diverter composition is providedas a solid blend of deformable and non-deformable particles as a singleformulation. In other embodiments, the diverter composition can beprovided as solids of the deformable and non-deformable particlesseparately. The separate components can be mixed before, after orsimultaneously when introduced into a subterranean formation. In someembodiments, the kit may include one or more of any of the divertercompositions and/or any components thereof (e.g., additive(s)) disclosedherein. For example, the kit may include a diverter compositioncomprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of one or moredeformable and non-deformable particle particles in a carrier fluid.Other additives (e.g., surfactants, stabilizers and the like) may beadded to the diverter composition before use. In other embodiments, theother additives are supplied separately in the kit and mixed with thediverter composition at the time of use. In one embodiment, the kitincludes deformable and non-deformable particle particles as a dry blendas a single formulation. In other embodiments, the kit includesdegradable, deformable particles and degradable, non-deformable particleparticles as a dry blend as a single formulation.

The carrier fluid may be either aqueous or organic, depending on thediverter composition of the deformable and non-deformable particleparticles, and may also incorporate surfactants, stabilizers, suspensionaids, or other additives to ensure composition stability andperformance. Depending on the method(s) of production of the twocomponents, the carrier fluid may be added to the pre-formed solids (orvice versa, if order of addition matters), or it may be present as asolvent or reaction medium prior to formation of one or both of theparticles.

In embodiments, the carrier fluid is one or more paraffinic oils,aromatic oils, mineral oils, silicone oils, alkanols, glycols, glycolethers, glycol esters, carbitols, hydrotropes, high salinity brine, ormixtures thereof.

The kit may include instructions for use of the diverter composition.The instructions may include directions detailing how to mix, store,transport, dilute, or dispense the composition. For example, theinstructions may include directions detailing the flow rate, thepressure and temperature that the diverter composition can be used for aparticular subterranean topography.

Some additional non-limiting embodiments are provided below to furtherexemplify the present disclosure:

1. A method for treating a subterranean formation, comprising:

introducing into the subterranean formation via a well-bore a firsttreatment fluid comprising a diverter composition, the divertercomposition comprising a combination of at least one deformable particleand at least one non-deformable particle; and

allowing the diverter composition to block the flow of at least aportion of the first treatment fluid from a first location within thewell-bore diverting flow to a second location.

2. A method for treating a subterranean formation, comprising:

providing a first treatment fluid comprising a diverter composition, thediverter composition comprising a combination of at least one deformableparticle and at least one non-deformable particle;

introducing into the subterranean formation via a well-bore the divertercomposition,

allowing the diverter composition to block the flow of at least aportion of a first treatment fluid from a first location within thewell-bore diverting flow to a second location.

3. A method for treating a subterranean formation, comprising:

introducing into the subterranean formation via a well-bore a firsttreatment fluid comprising a diverter composition, the divertercomposition comprising a combination of at least one degradable,deformable particle and at least one degradable, non-deformableparticle; and

allowing the diverter composition to block the flow of at least aportion of the first treatment fluid from a first location within thewell-bore diverting flow to a second location.

4. A method for treating a subterranean formation, comprising:

providing a first treatment fluid comprising a diverter composition, thediverter composition comprising a combination of at least onedegradable, deformable particle and at least one degradable,non-deformable particle;

introducing into the subterranean formation via a well-bore the divertercomposition,

allowing the diverter composition to block the flow of at least aportion of a first treatment fluid from a first location within thewell-bore diverting flow to a second location.

5. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments furthercomprising allowing the diverter composition to block the flow of atleast a portion of a second treatment fluid from a first location withinthe well-bore diverting flow to a second location.6. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thefirst treatment fluid, the second treatment fluid or both treatmentfluids comprise a fracturing fluid.7. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thefirst treatment fluid, the second treatment fluid or both treatmentfluids comprise an acidic fluid.8. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thefirst treatment fluid comprises an aqueous based fluid, a brine, orproduced water.9. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thediverter composition is present in the first treatment fluid at aconcentration of 1,000 to 200,000 ppm.10. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thedeformable particles are present from about 1 wt % to about 99 wt % ofthe diverter composition.11. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thedeformable particles are present from about 5 wt % to about 75 wt % ofthe diverter composition.12. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thedeformable particles are present from about from 10 wt % to 70 wt % ofthe diverter composition.13. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thedeformable particles are swellable particles.14. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein theat least one deformable particles comprise crosslinked polyacrylamide,crosslinked polyacrylate, crosslinked hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile,salts of carboxyalkyi starch, salts of carboxymethyl starch, salts ofcarboxyalkyi cellulose, hydroxylethyl cellulose, salts of crosslinkedcarboxyalkyi polysaccharide, crosslinked copolymers of acrylamide andacrylate monomers, starch grafted with acrylonitrile and acrylatemonomers, crosslinked polymers of two or more of allylsulfonates,2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid,3-allyloxy-2-hydroxy-1-propane-sulfonic acid, diallyl-dimethylammoniumsalts, benzyl-diallylmethylammonium salts,methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium salts,acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium salts, acrylamide, acrylic acid,acrylate monomers, N-vinylformamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl acetate,and any combination thereof.15. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein theat least one deformable particles comprise polyacrylamide homopolymer orcopolymer.16. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein theat least one deformable particles comprises an average particle sizerange from about 0.05 microns to about 100,000 microns.17. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein theat least one deformable particles comprises an average particle sizerange from about 0.1 to 10,000 microns.18. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein theat least one deformable particles comprises an average particle sizerange from about 1 to 5,000 microns.19. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein theat least one non-deformable particle particles comprise rock salt,polyesters, polyamides, polyethers, polycarbonates, polyurethanes,polysaccharides, peptides/polypeptides, urea-formaldehyde copolymer,other hydrolysable or degradable polymers, partially or wholly solubleor degradable inorganic salts, partially or wholly soluble or degradablemetal oxides/hydroxides, other partially or wholly soluble or degradableinorganic materials (polyphosphates or other glasses, minerals, carbonmaterials and nanomaterials, silicas, aluminas), benzoic acid and othersparingly soluble organic compounds, natural plant- orbiologically-derived materials, fibrous materials and combinationsthereof.20. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein theat least one non-deformable particle particles comprise poly(lacticacid) or polyethylene terephthalate.21. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein theat least one non-deformable particles are present from about 1 wt % toabout 99 wt % of the diverter composition.22. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein theat least one non-deformable particles are present from about 20 wt % to50 wt % of the diverter composition.23. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein theat least one non-deformable particles are present from about 10 wt % to50 wt % of the diverter composition.24. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein theat least one non-deformable particle comprises an average particle sizerange from about 0.05 mm to 65 mm.25. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thefirst location is a permeable zone of the subterranean formation.26. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thefirst location is a casing perforation or fracture immediately at thewellbore.27. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thesecond location is a less permeable zone of the subterranean formation.28. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thedeformable particles and non-deformable particle particles aredegradable.29. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thenon-deformable particles comprises polylactic acid.30. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thediverter composition withstands a pressure of 10 psi to 20,000 psi.31. The method as in any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thedeformable particles surround an inner core comprising non-deformableparticles.32. A diverter composition comprising a combination of at least onedeformable particle and at least one non-deformable particle.33. The diverter composition of claim 32, wherein the at least onedeformable particle surrounds an inner core comprising at least onenon-deformable particle.34. The diverter composition of claim 32, wherein the composition isprovided as a dry blend.35. The diverter composition of any one of embodiments 32-34, whereinthe composition comprises polyacrylamide and polylactic acid.36. A diverter composition of any one of embodiments 32, 33 or 35,wherein the diverter composition comprises a combination of at least onedeformable particle and at least one non-deformable particle and acarrier fluid.37. Use of the diverter composition as in as in in any one of thepreceding embodiments to treat a subterranean formation or divert theflow of a treatment fluid.

EXAMPLES Example 1

A deformable, polymer, which is a copolymer of acrylamide, acrylic acid,and N-vinylformamde cross-linked with a mixture of tetraethylene glycoldiacrylate (TEGDA) and methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) was prepared by gelpolymerization, and was dried, ground/crushed, and sized to the particlesize shown in the Table 1.

The dried, deformable polymer was then blended with a commerciallyavailable sample of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) MaxVert™ available throughImpact Fluid Solutions, LP according to the mass ratios shown in Table1.

A PLA-free sample (Sample 1) corresponds to only the sample of thedeformable polymer, with the particle size information shown in Table 1.

For the other samples, the blends of deformable polymer and PLA wereprepared by dry blending the two materials together.

TABLE 1 (deformable gel polymer) Median Particle Median <30 4-8 Size(vol. Particle Size Sample mesh mesh PLA basis; μm) (num. basis; μm)Sample 1 70% 30%  0% 1727.3 53.7 Sample 2 53% 23% 25% 1846.6 49.3 Sample3 35% 15% 50% 1773.6 56.2 Sample 4  0%  0% 100%  1860.0 153.0 (PLA)

The samples with the amounts of deformable polymers and PLA and theparticle size information for each sample is shown in Table 1.

Sample 4 is only PLA tested for comparison purposes.

Following preparation of these samples, they were tested in specializedtesting equipment. As-prepared blends, the samples indicated above, wereadded into a solution of xanthan carrier fluid at a diverterconcentration of 20 lbs/bbl. This slurry was fed into a high pressuretest cell equipped with a tapered slot at the outlet. The slot wasintended to function as a model fracture/perforation. Once loaded intothe test cell and hydrated for a desired period of time (0-30 minutes),the cell was pressurized with nitrogen, initially at 500 PSI and thenstepped up gradually to 1000 PSI. If the blends are effective asdiverters, it would be expected to plug (also referred to as “bridge”)the tapered slot, preventing any fluid escape from the open end of thetapered slot.

The results of these tests are shown in FIGS. 1-4. FIG. 1 shows a graphof the sample of only deformable polymer (without any PLA, Sample 1)held at a pressure of 500 PSI with relatively little fluid loss. As thepressure was increased to 750 PSI the plug failed as determined by thefluid contained in the test cell escaping uncontrolled and rapidly outof the bottom of the tapered slot.

After failure of the plug, the tapered slot was removed and opened. Thetapered slot showed a channel that had been drilled through thedeformable polymer by the high pressure fluid (data not shown).

Sample 2 (blended sample containing 75 wt % deformable polymer and 25 wt% commercially available PLA) as seen in FIG. 2 showed very highresistance to pressure and very little leak off over the course of theentire test. The pressure was able to be increased to 1000 PSI and heldfor 30 minutes at each pressure stage with no indications of failure.

After the conclusion of the test with sample 2, the tapered slot wasremoved and opened. The tapered slot showed a thoroughly blocked fluidpath, consisting of a mixture of hard, non-deformable particles anddeformable (data not shown).

Sample 3 (the blended sample containing 50 wt % deformable polymer and50 wt % commercially available PLA) as see in FIG. 3 showed very highresistance to pressure and very little leak off over the course of theentire test. The pressure was able to be increased to 1000 PSI and heldfor 30 minutes at each pressure stage with no indications of failure.

After the conclusion of the test, the tapered slot was removed andopened. The tapered slot showed a thoroughly blocked fluid path,consisting of a mixture of hard, non-deformable particles and deformablepolymer.

Sample 4, (commercially available PLA on its own) as seen in FIG. 4showed negligible ability to block fluid flow, even at minimal appliedpressure (500 PSI). Immediately after pressure was applied to the testcell, significant fluid leakoff occurred immediately and continued untilthe test cell was fully drained (up to 1500 g/min of fluid loss). Afterthe conclusion of the test, the tapered slot was removed and opened. Thetapered slot showed effective bridging and a blocked fluid path.However, it appears that the lack of deformable and/or malleableparticles allowed the fluid to readily permeate through the bed ofparticles. This result strongly suggests that PLA alone is insufficientto create the desired blockage of fluid flow, relative to deformableand/or malleable particles alone or mixtures of deformable and/ormalleable particles and hard particles, and that there is clearbeneficial synergism when the two classes of material are mixedtogether.

What is claimed is:
 1. A diverter composition comprising a combinationof deformable particles and non-deformable particles.
 2. The divertercomposition of claim 1, wherein the deformable particles are presentfrom about 1 wt % to about 99 wt % of the diverter composition.
 3. Thediverter composition of claim 1, wherein the deformable particles areswellable particles.
 4. The diverter composition of claim 1, wherein thedeformable particles comprise crosslinked polyacrylamide, crosslinkedpolyacrylate, crosslinked hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile, salts ofcarboxyalkyi starch, salts of carboxymethyl starch, salts ofcarboxyalkyi cellulose, hydroxylethyl cellulose, salts of crosslinkedcarboxyalkyi polysaccharide, crosslinked copolymers of acrylamide andacrylate monomers, starch grafted with acrylonitrile and acrylatemonomers, crosslinked polymers of two or more of allylsulfonates,2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid,3-allyloxy-2-hydroxy-1-propane-sulfonic acid, diallyl-dimethylammoniumsalts, benzyl-diallylmethylammonium salts,methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium salts,acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium salts, acrylamide, acrylic acid,acrylate monomers, N-vinylformamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl acetate,and any combination thereof.
 5. The diverter composition of claim 1,wherein the deformable particles comprise polyacrylamide homopolymer orcopolymer.
 6. The diverter composition of claim 1, wherein thedeformable particles comprises an average particle size range from about0.05 microns to about 100,000 microns.
 7. The diverter composition ofclaim 1, wherein the non-deformable particle particles comprise rocksalt, polyesters, polyamides, polyethers, polycarbonates, polyurethanes,polysaccharides, peptides/polypeptides, urea-formaldehyde copolymer,other hydrolysable or degradable polymers, partially or wholly solubleor degradable inorganic salts, partially or wholly soluble or degradablemetal oxides/hydroxides, other partially or wholly soluble or degradableinorganic materials (polyphosphates or other glasses, minerals, carbonmaterials and nanomaterials, silicas, aluminas), benzoic acid and othersparingly soluble organic compounds, natural plant- orbiologically-derived materials, fibrous materials and combinationsthereof.
 8. The diverter composition of claim 1, wherein thenon-deformable particles comprise poly(lactic acid) or polyethyleneterephthalate.
 9. The diverter composition of claim 1, wherein thenon-deformable particles are present from about 1 wt % to about 99 wt %of the diverter composition.
 10. The diverter composition of claim 1,wherein the at least one non-deformable particle comprises an averageparticle size range from about 0.05 mm to 65 mm.
 11. The divertercomposition of claim 1, wherein the non-deformable particles comprisespolylactic acid.
 12. The diverter composition of claim 1, wherein thedeformable particles and non-deformable particle particles aredegradable.
 13. The diverter composition of claim 1, wherein thediverter composition is present in a first treatment fluid at aconcentration of 1,000 to 200,000 ppm.
 14. The diverter composition ofclaim 1, wherein the diverter composition withstands a pressure of 10psi to 20,000 psi.
 15. The diverter composition of claim 1, wherein thedeformable particle surrounds an inner core comprising non-deformableparticles.
 16. The diverter composition of claim 1, wherein thecomposition is provided as a dry blend.
 17. The diverter composition ofclaim 1, wherein the composition comprises polyacrylamide and polylacticacid.
 18. The diverter composition of claim 1, further comprising acarrier fluid.